PREREQUISITES: Providing a graphical or mathematical description of a
sinusoidally moving particle. Finding the partial derivative of a simple function of
two variables.

Week of April 6, 1998
Lesson 12Sound
Keywords: Waves And Sound; Sound; Calculus; Intensity Of Sound; Properties Of
Sound; Pressure In Fluids; Partial Differential Equations;
OBJECTIVES:
* Explain what sound is; describe the physical significance of displacement
amplitude, pressure amplitude, and intensity; and describe the relationship between
pressure and particle displacement.
* Given an expression for pressure or displacement, determine whether it could
represent a traveling sound wave, and if so, determine the characteristics of the
wave.
Comments: To a much greater extent than previous generations, we of the
modern industrial world are constantly bombarded by sound. We hear, and are
more or less aware of, music, air hammers, television sets, jet planes, traffic,
sirens, and so forth, throughout the day. A sophisticated audio industry tries to
improve the quality of musical sound. At the other end of the quality scale, noise
pollution is a serious concern and probably affects our lives more than we
realize.In order to deal with sound, we should have some idea of what it is.
What factors determine whether a sound is pleasing or grating? How is sound
transmitted? How much power do our ear drums actually receive when we hear
a bird, or a rock band? What determines whether our ears detect a sound; what is
the meaning of sound beyond the range audible to a human? These are just a
few of a multitude of physical and physiological questions that one might ask
about sound. Not all of these questions will be answered in this lesson, but you
will learn enough to begin finding answers to several of them.
PREREQUISITES: Describing the motion of a transverse wave on a string. Describing
the forces acting on a small volume element of fluid.
Thursday of the Twelfth Week - Third Hour Exam - April 9th - 80 points

Week of April 13, 1998
Lesson 13Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics
Keywords: the zeroth law of thermodynamics, the laws of thermodynamics
OBJECTIVES:
* State the zeroth law of thermodynamics and define the terms used.
* Deduce Kelvin temperature from the pressure of a gas thermometer and convert
temperatures from the Kelvin to the Celsius scale and vice versa.
Comments: How can we keep track of energy as it is transferred from one
system to another? How can we calculate the amount of internal energy--a
quantity that seems to be hidden within the very "guts" of matter? Further, what
is the difference between temperature and heat, and between heat and
work?This lesson focuses on the first of two central thermodynamic principles:
the conservation of energy, or, as it is sometimes called, the first law of